Types of PV technologies
There are essentially two types of PV technology, crystalline and thin-film. Crystalline can again be broken down into two types:
Mono-crystalline Cells – These are made using cells cut from a single cylindrical crystal of silicon. While mono-crystalline cells offer the highest efficiency (approximately 18% conversion of incident sunlight), their complex manufacturing process makes them slightly more expensive.
Polycrystalline Cells – These are made by cutting micro-fine wafers from ingots of molten and re- crystallized silicon. Polycrystalline cells are cheaper to produce, but there is a slight compromise on efficiency (approximately 14% conversion of incident sunlight).
Thin film PV is made by depositing an ultra thin layer of photovoltaic material onto a substrate. The most common type of thin-film PV is made from the material a-Si (amorphous silicon), but numerous other materials such as CIGS (copper indium/gallium dieseline) CIS (copper indium selenide), CdTe (Cadmium Telluride), dye-sensitized cells and organic solar cells are also possible.
Types of PV Systems
PV technology was first applied in space, by providing electricity to satellites. Today, PV systems can be used to power just about anything on Earth. Global Business Gateway Inc. solar technology manufacturing plant will provide not only equipment needed for solar systems and solutions but also provide custom design systems and trainings related, PV systems operate in two basic forms.
Grid Connected PV Systems These systems are connected to a broader electricity network. During the day, the solar electricity generated by the system is either used immediately or sold off to electricity supply companies. In the evening, when the system is unable to supply immediate power, electricity can be bought back from the network.
Off Grid PV Systems These systems are used in isolation of electricity grids, and may be used to power radio repeater stations, telephone booths and street lighting. There is also a growing market for mobile PV in the boat and caravan leisure market. Off Grid (also known as Stand-Alone) PV systems also provide invaluable and affordable electricity in developing countries, where conventional electricity grids are unreliable or non-existent. According to FIT and MicroFIT programs in Ontario our main focus will be on Grid-Tied or Grid Connected PV systems and the related technologies.
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